A real CNC master (metal cutting class) should have both a rich theoretical level and superb practical experience and hands-on ability. Generally speaking, after graduating from a CNC major and entering a factory, it takes at least 6 years to become a real CNC master. There is absolutely no quick-start skill in this industry! Now that the division of labor in the factory is becoming more and more detailed, you must not think that you have mastered a certain skill and do not think about making progress. Only by constantly pursuing technological progress and continuous pursuit of excellence can you gain a foothold in the enterprise as a master.
1
Must be a good craftsman
CNC machining integrates drilling, milling, boring, reaming and tapping, etc., which requires high technical literacy of craftsmen. In fact, when we choose the profession of mechanical cutting, it means that the early stage of employment is hard and boring. A little basic knowledge learned in school is pitifully small in the face of the needs in the factory. Machining engineers are, to some extent, experienced engineers. Therefore, a lot of time must be spent with workers, working on lathes, milling machines, grinding machines, and machining centers. Then in the office, we edited the process, estimated material consumption, and calculated the quota.
In this way, after 2 to 3 years of practice, you can basically become a qualified craftsman. Young people who are new to work must be open-minded to learn from the master workers. Once they can pass on decades of experience to you, you can avoid many detours. Because these experiences cannot be learned from books, the choice of process is a choice that comprehensively considers equipment capabilities and personnel technical capabilities.
After such a long period of study and accumulation, you should meet the following technical standards and requirements:
1. Familiar with the structure and process characteristics of drilling, milling, boring, grinding and planing machines;
2. Familiar with the properties of processing materials;
3. Solid theoretical basic knowledge of cutting tools, master the conventional cutting amount of cutting tools, etc.;
4. Familiar with the company's process specifications, guidelines and general requirements that can be achieved by various processes, the process route of conventional parts, reasonable material consumption and working hours quota, etc.;
5. Collect a certain amount of information on cutting tools, machine tools, and mechanical standards, especially familiar with the cutting tool system used in CNC machine tools;
6. Familiar with the selection and maintenance of coolant;
7. Have a common-sense understanding of related types of work, such as: casting, electrical processing, heat treatment, etc.;
8. Have a good fixture foundation;
9. Understand the assembly requirements and use requirements of the processed parts;
10. Have a good measurement technology foundation.
2
Proficient in CNC programming and computer software application
CAM programming software needs to learn modeling, but it is not difficult for people with good CAD foundation. Scholars are most suitable for learning this knowledge.
3
Proficiency in operating CNC machine tools
This requires 1 to 2 years of study, and the operation is all about the feel. Beginners, especially students, know how to do it in their hearts, but their hands just don't listen to them. In this process, you must learn: the operation method of the system, the installation of the fixture, the alignment of the part datum, the tool setting, the setting of the zero offset, the setting of the tool length compensation, the radius compensation, the installation and removal of the tool and the tool holder, and the blade of the tool. Grinding, measurement of parts (can skillfully use vernier calipers, dial gauges, dial indicators, dial gauges, inner diameter lever gauges), etc.
The practice of operation requires understanding! Sometimes there is really a kind of artistic conception of "leisurely knowing, the beauty is hard to tell you"! In the CNC workshop, you can calm down and practice hard! Generally speaking, the process from the processing of the first part to the qualified processing accuracy is required to be completed by the NC programming technician. If you can't operate the machine tool proficiently, you can't pass this level.
4
Good fixture foundation and measurement technology level
The reason why I list tooling fixture and measurement technology separately is that it plays an equally important role in the processing quality of parts as the precision of machine tools, and is one of the symbols reflecting the level of craftsmen.
Accurate measurement level is one of the basic skills in machining. It is necessary to be able to skillfully use vernier calipers, dial gauges, dial indicators, dial gauges, inner diameter lever gauges and calipers. Sometimes for parts processing, the coordinate measuring machine is not expected, and it must be measured by hand. Just imagine, if the parts are not measured accurately, which master will trust you?
5
Proficient in the maintenance of CNC machine tools
First of all, you must be familiar with CNC machine tools. It is recommended to ask the masters in the equipment maintenance department for advice. I won't go into details about the maintenance of machine tools. Each company has its own experience and standards. The key point of machine tool maintenance is "maintenance", which should be paid attention to at ordinary times.
6
Cultivate good habits and adapt to the characteristics of CNC machining
A master who is suitable for CNC machining should be a person who is humble, rigorous, calm, thoughtful, organized and independent.
1. The processing of some large parts not only has a lot of processing content, but also the conversion of three-dimensional coordinates in space. The calculation of the processing trajectory is very complicated and difficult to determine. If the problem is not considered carefully and comprehensively, the calculation is not accurate, and the program modification becomes more chaotic during debugging, and the probability of error is high. "Think twice before acting" is most appropriate here.
2. The part debugging process is a multi-person cooperation process, including operators, inspectors, fixture design and fixture assembly personnel, etc. When problems arise, we should seek their opinions more, do more experiments, and avoid making arbitrary conclusions. Don't blame the employees who made mistakes too much, but have a "compassionate" mentality.
3. The work of CNC machine tools is controlled by instructions. When debugging, you must be very clear about the trajectory of the machine tool before pressing the "Start" button. Be rigorous and meticulous, and never let the machine tool move first. Once the program is wrong, the compensation parameters are incorrect, or the wrong coordinate system is selected, the parts will be scrapped at least, and safety accidents will occur at worst. Those who are irritable, clueless, and persistent are not suitable for operating CNC machine tools.
4. If there is a problem during debugging and processing, you must be calm, and you must not panic. If there is another misoperation, you must have a good psychological quality.
5. When a part fails to pass the test many times, the analysis must be organized and the responsibility must be based on a basis. Some relevant departments will give various explanations for various reasons. At this time, you have to be assertive. Remember: it doesn’t matter if you do one thing wrong, but you can’t choose the wrong way to do things.
6. For any craftsman, due to the limitation of the environment, the technical ability is always limited. Coupled with the rapid development of technology, there is always room for improvement. When the internal technology of the factory has been digested, it is necessary to look outside and keep up with the advanced processing technology at home and abroad to learn and digest.
The above are the ideal CNC programming masters in my mind. In fact, in the final analysis, there should be programmers at the level of senior craftsmen and senior technicians.
