Someone summed up 60 issues that need to be considered when doing non-standard design——
1. Structural Design of Ergonomics
1. Reasonably select the operating posture
2. The ratio of the height of the workbench of the equipment to the size of the human body should adopt a reasonable value
3. Reasonably arrange and adjust links to enhance the applicability of the equipment
4. The mechanical manipulation, control and display devices should be arranged in the most reasonable position in front of the operator
5. The display device adopts a reasonable form
6. The lettering on the instrument panel should be clear and easy to read
7. The size and shape of the knob should be reasonable
8. The buttons should be easy to operate
9. The force required to operate the handle and the range of motion of the hand should not be too large
10. The shape of the handle is easy to operate and exert force
11. Reasonably design the size and shape of the seat
12. Reasonably design the material and elasticity of the seat
13. No excessive noise in the working environment
14. The illumination of the operating site should not be too low
2. Rack structure design
1. Reduce the number of cores
2. Avoid using core support to prevent leakage
3. Change the structure of the inner cavity to ensure the strength of the core iron and facilitate sand cleaning
4. Pay attention to the small size parts
5. Improve the cooling condition of castings
6. Simplify casting modeling
7. Improve the structure and save the core
8. Prevent deformation of casting frame
9. The structure at the throat should be reinforced
10. Pay attention to strengthen the torsional rigidity of the base
11. Changing the casting to a stamping and welding structure
12. Change the forging to cast forging and welding structure
13. Reduce wall thickness and save metal
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3. Structural design to improve precision
Today, I would like to introduce to you the issues that need to be considered in the design of non-standard machinery, and the structural design to improve precision:
1. Try not to adopt structural schemes that do not conform to Abbe’s principles
2. To avoid superposition of errors caused by wear amount
3. Avoid superposition of processing error and wear amount
4. The driving force point of the guide rail should act on the pressure center of the friction force of the two guide rails, so that the moments generated by the friction force of the two guide rails are balanced with each other
5. For guide rails that require high precision, it is not suitable to use a small amount of balls to support them
6. In the deceleration transmission chain that requires motion precision, the transmission ratio of the last stage should take the maximum value
7. The number of screw nuts used for measurement should not be too small
8. The axial movement of the spiral bearing must be strictly limited
9. Avoid unreasonable matching of bearing precision
10. Avoid unreasonable configuration of bearing radial runout
11. Avoid set screws affecting the accuracy of the rolling guide
12. When the gap between the push rod and the guide is too large, it is advisable to use a positive selection mechanism instead of a tangential mechanism
13. The precision of the positive selection mechanism is higher than that of the tangent structure
4. Mechanical structure design for assembly and maintenance
1. Avoid having to remove other parts when disassembling one part
2. Avoid loading two mating surfaces at the same time
3. Leave the necessary operating space for the disassembly and assembly of parts
4. Avoid malfunction due to wrong installation
5. Adopt special structure to avoid wrong installation
6. The symmetrical structure is adopted to simplify the assembly process
7. There must be a guiding part when installing the flexible sleeve
8. For matching parts that are difficult to see, there must be a guiding part
9. In order to facilitate the installation with the manipulator, a buckle or internal locking structure is adopted
10. The head of the fastener should have a smooth straight edge for easy picking
11. There should be necessary chamfering at the part installation part
12. The parts fed by the automatic feeding mechanism should avoid winding and lapping
13. Simplify assembly movement mode
14. Parts should be divided reasonably for a machine
15. Minimize the workload of on-site assembly
16. Try to use standard parts
17. Parts should be easy to remove for recycling after damage
