Materials that can be used for mold processing are more than a hundred, including metal, plastic, inorganic non -metal and paraffin, but depending on the actual needs, the purpose and demand of each material are different. Today, let's talk about the 24 most commonly used metal materials for mold processing.
1. 45 -high -quality carbon structure steel, is the most commonly used medium -carbon -regulated steel
Main features: the most commonly used medium carbon -tuning steel, with good comprehensive mechanical performance and low quenchability. Small parts should be adjusted with quality, and large -scale parts should be treated with positive fire.
Example: It is mainly used to manufacture high -intensity mobilization pieces, such as the impeller, compressor piston, shaft, gear, gradia, and worm. Welding parts pay attention to preheating before welding, eliminating stress annealing after welding.
2. Q235A (A3 Steel) -The most commonly used carbon structure steel
Main features: high plasticity, toughness and welding performance, a certain strength of cold stress performance, and good cold curved performance.
Application Example: widely used for parts and welding structures that are widely required. Such as the trolley, connecting rods, sales, shafts, screws, nuts, rings, brackets, brackets, building structures and bridges.
3. 40CR -One of the most widely used steel, which is a alloy structure steel
Main features: After the quality adjustment, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low gap sensitivity, good quarrel, high fatigue strength when oil and cold, parts with complex shapes when water cooling are easy Crack. Cold bending plasticity is medium. After ignition or quality, the cutting is good, but the weldability is not good, which is prone to cracks. Before welding Nitrogen penetration and high -frequency surface quenching treatment.
Application Example: After the quality adjustment treatment, it is used to manufacture medium -speed and middle -loaded parts, such as machine tool gears, shafts, worms, flower keys and thimble sets, etc.; The grinding parts, such as gears, shafts, main shafts, crankshafts, cardiac shafts, sleeves, sales, connecting rods, screw nuts, intake valve, etc.; After quenching and medium temperature recovery Parts, such as oil pump rotor, slider, gear, spindle and suit ring, etc.; After quenching and low temperature recovery, it is used to create parts of heavy load, low impact, wear resistance After the coexistence of nitrogen is treated with transmission parts with larger size and high low temperature impact toughness, such as shafts and gears.
4. HT150 —— Gray cast iron
Example: Gearboxes, machine tool beds, boxes, hydraulic cylinders, pumps, valves, flywheels, cylinder caps, strap wheels and bearings, etc.
5, 35 -common materials for various standard parts and fasteners
Main features: appropriate strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity, and welding. Under the cold state, it can be coarse and brushed. Low -quenchtability, use fire or after quality adjustment.
Example: It is suitable for manufacturing small sections and can withstand larger loads, such as crankshafts, leverage, connecting rods, hook rings, various standard parts and fasteners.
6. 65mn —— Common spring steel
Example: small -sized various flat, round spring, seat cushion spring, spring hair clockwork, can also be made for spring ring, valve spring, clutch reed, brake spring, cold coil springs, and card spring.
7. 0CR18NI9 — the most commonly used stainless steel (American Steel No. 304, Japanese Steel SUS304)
Features and applications: The most widely used for stainless thermal steel, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, etc.
8. CR12 -commonly used cold mold steel (American Steel D3, Japanese Steel SKD1)
Features and applications: CR12 steel is a widely used cold mold steel, which is a high -carbon and high chromium type Lai's steel steel. The steel has good quenchtability and good wear resistance; because the CR12 steel carbon content is as high as 2.3%, the impact toughness is poor, crispy and cracking, and it is easy to form uniform co -crystal carbides; CR12 steel is due It has good abrasion resistance and is mostly used to create cold -resistant cold molds, punching, feeding molds, cold ingules, cold -squeezing ponds, drills, quantitative regulations, quantitative regulations, and quantitative regulations, and quantitative regulation, and quantitatively abrasion -resistant loads. , Drawing mold, pressing mold, scripting board, deep mold, and cold pressure molds for powder metallurgy.
9. DC53 -commonly used Japanese imported cold work steel
Features and applications: High -strong tough and cold mold steel, Japan Datong special steel (plant) manufacturer steel number. After high temperature recovery, it has high hardness, high toughness, and good line cutting. It is used for precision cold stamping molds, stretching molds, silk molding, cold cutting and punching.
10. DCCR12Mov -wear -resistant chromium steel
Domestic, lower than CR12 steel carbon content, and MO and V are added, and the uneven carbides improved. MO can reduce carbonized bias and improve quenchability, and V can refine grains to increase toughness. This steel has high quenchivity, the section can be completely quenched below 400mm, and it can still maintain good hardness and abrasion resistance at 300 ~ 400 ° C. Higher toughness than CR12. The volume changes during quenching. There are high wear resistance and good comprehensive mechanical properties. Cold -cut scissors, round saws, standard tools, and measuring tools.
11. SKD11 —— Tough tough chromium steel
Japan's Hitachi strain production. Technically improved the casting organization in steel, refined the grains, and improved the toughness and abrasion resistance compared to CR12Mov, and extended the service life of the mold.
12. D2 -high -carbon high chromium cold as steel
Production in the United States. It has high quenchtability, hardness, abrasion resistance, and good high temperature antioxidant performance. After quenching and polishing, rust resistance is good. Heat treatment is small. It is advisable to create cold molds, tools and measuring tools, such as stretching molds, cold squeeze and cold shear knives.
13. SKD11 (SLD) -The non -deformation tough high chromium steel
Japan's Hitachi strain production. Due to the increased MO and V content in the steel, the casting organization in the steel is improved, the grains are refined, and the carbonized shape is improved. D2 is high, abrasion resistance is also increased, and it has higher fire resistance. Practice has proved that this steel mold life has increased than CR12MOV. Frequently manufacture of molds, such as stretching molds, molds that impact sand wheels.
14, DC53 -high tough high chromium steel
Japan's Datong plant. The hardness of thermal treatment is higher than SKD11. High temperature (520 ~ 530) ° C can reach 62 ~ 63HRC high hardness. In terms of strength and abrasion resistance, the DC53 exceeds SKD11, and the toughness is twice that of SKD11. The toughness of DC53 rarely cracks and cracks in cold mold manufacturing, which greatly improves the service life. The residual stress is small, reducing the residual stress after high temperature. Because the cracks and deformation of the wire cutting process are suppressed, the cutting and grindability exceed the SKD11, which is used for precision stamping molds, cold forging and deep -pulling molds.
15. SKH-9-wear resistance, strong toughness high-speed steel
Japan's Hitachi strain production. Used for cold forging modules, cutting machines, drills, re -cuttings, and punch.
16. ASP-23-Powder Metallurgy High-speed Steel
Swedish. The distribution of carbides is extremely uniform, wear resistance, high toughness, easy processing, and stable heat treatment size. It is used for various long -life cutting tools such as punching, deep stretching, drilling molds, milling cutters, and shear blades.
17. P20 -Generally required size plastic molds
Production in the United States. Electric erosion operation. Factory status is pre -hardly HB270 ~ 300, quenching hardness HRC52.
18, 718 -high -required size plastic mold
Swedish. Electric erosion operation. Factory status is expelive HB290 ~ 330, quenching hardness HRC52.
19. NAK80 -high mirror, high -precision plastic mold
Japan's Datong plant. Factory status is pre -hardly HB370 ~ 400, quenching hardness HRC52.
20. S136 -Antimilat -corrosion and Mirror Plastic mold mold
Swedish. HB <215, quenching hardness HRC52.
21, H13 -ordinary commonly used die -casting mold
For aluminum, zinc, magnesium, alloy die casting, thermal pressing mold, aluminum squeezing mold, etc.
22, SKD61 —— Advanced die -casting mold
Japan's Hitachi plant. Re -melting technology through electric slag has significantly improved in terms of service life. Used for heat -pressing mold, aluminum extrusion mold.
23, 8407 —— Advanced die -casting mold
Swedish. Used for heat -pressing mold, aluminum extrusion mold.
24. FDAC -added sulfur to enhance its easy to cut
Factory preheat hardness HRC38 ~ 42 can be carved directly without quenching and recovery. Used for small batch molds, simple molds, various resin products, sliding parts, and short duration of mold parts. Such as zipper molds, glasses frame molds, etc.
