Open the back cover of a mechanical watch, and you can see very small gears, screws and other parts, which fit together precisely to achieve transmission. Do you know how these precision small parts are processed?
The processing of small parts products is usually completed on special machine tools such as Swiss-type lathes. Common small parts include: gear shafts, connectors, bone screws, plugs, etc. Although small parts are small in size, they have increasingly higher requirements for part size accuracy, surface quality and processing efficiency. Therefore, small parts processing has put forward higher requirements in terms of cutting tool accuracy, materials, chip breaking and control, stability and safety. In view of the difficulties in processing small parts, today the editor will share the solutions brought by Huarui Precision, let's take a look.
01 Typical workpieces and their processing characteristics Precision shaft parts
Precision shaft parts are widely used in mechanical transmission systems, such as motor shafts, gear shafts, etc. Its processing characteristics include:
High precision requirements: Shaft parts usually require high concentricity, straightness and roundness.
Strict surface quality: The surface of shaft parts usually requires a high degree of finish to reduce friction and wear.
Electronic product accessories
Typical electronic product accessories such as lens rings, flange rings, etc., their processing characteristics include:
High surface quality: In order to ensure the appearance quality of electronic products, the processing surface is required to be bright and defect-free.
Difficult-to-process materials: Stainless steel materials are usually used, the material viscosity is high, and the tool wear is fast.
Medical device parts
Medical device parts require high precision and high reliability, such as micro pumps, needles, connectors, etc. Its processing characteristics include:
High precision and high cleanliness requirements: Medical device parts are in direct contact with the human body, requiring extremely high processing accuracy and surface cleanliness.
Difficult-to-process materials: Stainless steel, titanium alloy and other difficult-to-process materials are usually used, requiring special tools and processing technology.
Strict quality control: Each part needs to undergo strict testing and quality control to ensure compliance with medical standards.
☞Click here for more details
02 Technical characteristics of small parts processing tools High precision and high efficiency
The processing of small parts usually requires extremely high dimensional accuracy and surface quality, and also requires high-efficiency processing to improve productivity. Therefore, the cutting edge of the tool must be very sharp to ensure high-precision cutting when machining small parts; the size and shape of the tool should remain stable during the machining process to avoid dimensional errors.
High-performance tool materials
The machining of small parts has high performance requirements on tool materials. High-hardness and high-strength materials such as micro-tungsten carbide, CBN, PCD, etc. are required to ensure the wear resistance of the tool. The use of coating technologies such as PVD and CVD can increase the wear resistance of the tool surface, extend the tool life, and maintain good cutting performance under cutting for as long as possible.
High cutting performance
Optimized cutting geometry, reasonable design of cutting angles and edge shapes, reduce cutting forces, and improve cutting efficiency. Good chip removal performance, the tool groove design should be able to effectively discharge chips and prevent chip accumulation from affecting the machining quality.
Efficient chip removal and cooling technology
In the process of small parts machining, chip discharge and cooling are important factors affecting machining quality and efficiency. Efficient chip removal and cooling technology can effectively prevent chip accumulation and tool overheating, and improve machining stability and surface quality. For example, the use of high-pressure coolant, minimal lubrication technology (MQL), etc.
03 Huarui Precision Small Parts Processing Tools Huarui Precision Company has developed corresponding blades for small parts processing, and its products cover most of the working conditions of small parts processing. Mainly including the following tool usage scenarios and groove types.
Close Watch More More Exit Full Screen Switch to Vertical Full Screen Exit Full Screen Metal Processing Followed Share Like Watching Synchronized to Watch Write your comment Share video, duration 02:130/001:43/02:13 Switch to horizontal mode Continue to play progress bar, 78% pause 01:43/02:1302:13 Full screen Speed playback 0.5 times 0.75 times 1.0 times 1.5 times 2.0 times Ultra-clear Smooth Your browser does not support video tags Continue to watch How to process the ultra-small parts in the watch that can only be picked up with tweezers? Watch more reprints, How to process the ultra-small parts in the watch that can only be picked up with tweezers?
Front sweep tool
Front sweep tool is mainly used for processing the outer circle, end face and other parts of small parts. Common groove types and their characteristics are as follows:
XS: used for machining outer circles and end faces, with a bevel groove design that can stably control the chip removal direction and ensure smooth cutting.
XF: Sharp cutting edge, which can effectively reduce chip force and achieve excellent cutting effect.
PU: Small groove width design, small chip curling radius, can meet the chip breaking requirements under different cutting depth and small feed conditions.
PY: Large rake angle design, effectively reduce cutting resistance, stably control chip removal direction, stable processing.
PJ: Adapt to low feed and cutting depth changes, stably control chips.
Back sweep tool
Used for machining the step surface on the back of the workpiece, the groove type characteristics are as follows:
HBS: Stably control the chip removal direction, reduce cutting resistance, and meet the back turning processing requirements during the machining of small parts.
Shallow groove tool
The classification and characteristics of shallow groove tool grooves are as follows:
THR: Triangular shallow groove blade, improved installation and positioning method, ground chip breaker groove, universal processing groove type, support customization.
THF: Triangular shallow groove insert, improved installation and positioning method, ground chip breaker, large cutting front angle, emphasis on sharpness, support customization.
TGF: Triangular shallow groove insert, ground chip breaker, general processing groove type.
Cutting tool
PTA series is used for cutting of small diameter workpieces. The two blade specifications correspond to the maximum cutting diameter (12mm and 16mm), side screw fastening, optional with or without lead angle type insert, groove characteristics are as follows:
S: Ground chip breaker, emphasis on sharpness, low resistance cutting processing.
Thread tool
Used for thread processing of outer diameter, rich thread types.
P: Ground chip breaker, emphasis on sharpness, low resistance cutting processing.
Inner hole tool
Used for processing the inner diameter and end face of small parts, a series of solid carbide products, including inner hole boring cutters, shallow groove cutters, thread cutters, end face groove cutters, etc. The specific series are as follows:
MTR/L: Inner hole turning, the minimum processable inner diameter is 1mm.
MPR/L: Internal hole turning, minimum machinable inner diameter 2.1mm.
MNR/L: Internal hole turning, minimum machinable inner diameter 1.1mm.
MQR/L: Internal hole profiling turning, minimum machinable inner diameter 3.1mm.
MUR/L: Internal hole turning, minimum machinable inner diameter 3.1mm.
MGR/L: Internal hole slotting cutter, minimum machinable inner diameter 3.1mm, slot width 0.5-4mm.
MKR/L: Internal hole arc slotting cutter, minimum machinable inner diameter 4.1mm, slot arc radius 0.5-1.15mm.
MFR/L: Small diameter end face slotting cutter, slot width 0.75-3mm.
MZR/L: Small diameter end face arc slotting cutter, slot arc radius 0.5-1mm.
MIR/L: Internal hole thread processing, minimum hole diameter 2.6mm.
MIR(TR): internal trapezoidal thread processing.
