During the machining process, the influence of thermal deformation on the machining accuracy of CNC lathes has been paid more and more attention. In order to achieve rapid positioning, the workbench and the tool holder need to move quickly on the guide rail surface. The friction between the workbench and the guide rail will generate a large amount of frictional heat, which will lead to thermal deformation of the guide rail. At present, domestic and foreign researchers have carried out a lot of research work on the influence of the thermal deformation of the CNC lathe rail on the machining accuracy of parts and how to control and prevent the thermal deformation. Huazhong University of Science and Technology has carried out research on the thermal deformation of lathe guide rail and its error compensation, and has achieved many results.
The guide rail of a CNC lathe is the reference for the relative movement position of the main parts of the machine tool, and its accuracy directly affects the relative position relationship between the forming movement of the machine tool. The error of the machine tool guide rail mainly includes the straightness error in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane of the guide rail; the parallelism error of the front and rear guide rails in the vertical plane. Studies have shown that the thermal deformation of the guide rail will cause the swelling of the guide rail surface, the inclination of the guide rail edge, the deflection of the guide rail and the linear positioning error. The movement of the worktable on the guide rail after thermal deformation will affect the relative position of the turning tool and the workpiece, thereby affecting the accuracy of the lathe , Affect the processing quality of the workpiece. Technical research in this area urgently needs to be further deepened.
