These drills in the machining center must be fully recognized! The drill bit is used for drilling holes in the machining center. There are three common drill bits, which are classified according to the processing aperture and hole depth, including high-speed steel drill bits, cemented carbide drill bits, and indexable blade drill bits. In order to improve the wear resistance of the tool and avoid the adhesion between the working tool and the workpiece, the drill bits used in these machining centers need to be coated by the PVD method. Of course, there are special drill bits suitable for different purposes, including gun drills, flared drills, center drills, flat drills, and printed circuit board drills. Today, we will introduce the drill bits used for drilling and drilling of machining centers from two categories.
What are the three common drill bits for machining centers?
1. Indexable blade drill: Indexable blade drill is a drill that uses mechanical means to fix the blade on the steel body. Since the blades can be replaced, the selection range of the blade materials of the indexable blade type drill is larger, which is conducive to the selection of blades and chip breakers that meet the workpiece and cutting conditions. In addition, performance can be ensured without regrinding and corresponding equipment. Due to technical difficulties, the practical use of indexable insert drills was about 10 to 15 years later than that of turning and milling tools, and only gradually began to spread in the early 1980s. In order to optimize the shape of the tool and the material of the insert, the indexable insert drill has established its own standardization on the basis of thorough testing by the manufacturer.
2. Carbide drill bits: Hard alloy drill bits can improve machining efficiency, extend tool life, and improve machining hole accuracy. The toughness of cemented carbide drills is lower than that of high-speed steel drills, so the tool is not popular. With the improvement of the performance of machining centers and peripheral equipment, our cemented carbide drills have gradually gained a bit of popularity. Cutting tool manufacturers are also expanding the use of cemented carbide drills by increasing product quality. We must make reasonable use of drill bits to improve production efficiency. Comparing cemented carbide drills with cast iron and light alloy drills, drills for steel processing not only increase the rigidity of the groove section, but also adopt a variety of special designs, such as a chisel edge design that helps improve penetration and improves chipping. The cutting edge shape and groove shape of the treatment effect, and the method of cooling using cooling holes, etc.
3. High-speed steel drill bits: SKH51 drill bits are the most commonly used. Factors such as workpiece hardness and cutting speed determine the material of the drill bit. In order to pursue the effects of tool life, production and processing efficiency, and processing hole depth, many people have begun to use cobalt-based molten materials, high-vanadium and high-cobalt powder-based drills. Among them, vanadium (V) can improve wear resistance, and cobalt (Co) can improve high temperature hardness. Increasing the quenching hardness can improve the wear resistance, thereby effectively extending the service life of the tool. But what we should pay attention to is that it can also cause problems in some usage conditions. The material and quenching hardness of the drill bit are important factors that affect the performance of the drill bit.
Now that the three common types of drills used in machining centers for drilling and drilling are finished, we need to talk about special-purpose drills.
What special drills are available for machining centers?
1. Gun drill: The gun drill can complete hole processing with a depth of 300 times the tool diameter through a single process. In addition, because of its excellent machining accuracy, gun drills are widely used in various hole machining including small diameter deep holes. The gun drill realizes deep hole processing by high-pressure injection of cutting fluid from the inside of the tool, and a special machine tool called "deep hole drilling machine" is usually used for processing. This kind of special machine tool is characterized by a high-pressure cooling device filled with cutting fluid, and a guide sleeve and anti-vibration bushing that form a fixed effect on the tool with a larger total length of the gun drill.
2. Center drill: used for center hole processing.
3. Flat drill: a straight-edged drill with a plate-shaped cutting edge, and the cutting edge is installed on the cutter body when in use.
4. Printed circuit board drill bit (PCB drill bit): a straight shank drill bit with different diameters of the drill bit and the shank, used for the processing of extremely small holes such as printed circuit boards of electronic instruments.
5. Reaming drill: The center part of the drill has no cutting edge, which is used for finishing and reaming the bottom hole after bottom hole processing.
Common drills and special drills for machining centers are clear. When we process the workpiece, we need to analyze specific problems, select the appropriate tool for processing, and set reasonable parameters to ensure the effect of processing.
