hydrogen
is a very clean energy
Colorless, odorless and non-toxic
Only water is produced after the electrochemical reaction
completely zero emissions
and can be recycled
as secondary energy
Diverse sources, zero terminal discharge, wide range of uses
It is regarded as the clean energy with the most development potential in the 21st century
Currently, hydrogen energy is becoming
Important direction of the global energy technology revolution
and form part of a future energy strategy
To ensure national energy security
It is of great significance to deal with global climate change
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The "West-to-East Hydrogen Transmission" hydrogen transmission pipeline demonstration project has been included
"Implementation Plan for the Construction of "National One Network" for Petroleum and Natural Gas"
It marks the long-distance hydrogen transmission pipeline in my country
Enter a new stage of development
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So, what is "West to East Hydrogen Delivery"?
Why "send hydrogen from west to east"?
Talk to everyone today
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01
What is "West to East Hydrogen Delivery"?
▲The first "West-East Hydrogen Transmission" hydrogen pipeline demonstration project
Starting from Ulanqab City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and ending at Yanshan Petrochemical in Beijing, the pipeline is planned to pass through 3 provinces, autonomous regions and cities including Inner Mongolia, Hebei, and Beijing, and 9 counties, with a total length of more than 400 kilometers. Provincial, large-scale, long-distance pure hydrogen transmission pipeline.
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The capacity of the first phase of the pipeline is 100,000 tons/year, and a long-term improvement potential of 500,000 tons/year is reserved. At the same time, ports will be reserved in many places along the route to facilitate access to potential hydrogen sources.
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After the completion of the pipeline, it will be used to replace the existing fossil energy hydrogen production and transportation hydrogen in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and help the efficient construction of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei hydrogen energy corridor; it will vigorously alleviate the problem of the mismatch between supply and demand of green hydrogen in my country, and will be of great help to my country's transnational future. The construction of regional hydrogen transmission pipeline network has a strategic demonstration and leading role, helping my country's energy transformation and upgrading.
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In fact, the world has used pipelines to transport hydrogen for more than 80 years. As early as 1938, Germany built the world's first long-distance hydrogen pipeline with a total length of 215 kilometers. It is mainly used for matching and utilizing hydrogen resources in chemical plants. With the increase in hydrogen utilization and the diversification of application scenarios, the scale of hydrogen pipelines worldwide is currently increasing, with a total mileage of more than 4,600 kilometers.
02
Why "send hydrogen from west to east"?
▲Expert Interpretation: Why "West-East Hydrogen Delivery"
my country's Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and other places are rich in wind and green power resources, which means that the western region of my country has the potential for large-scale green hydrogen resources. In addition, the eastern and southern regions of my country are economically developed, and hydrogen energy has huge market potential for both industrial and civilian applications.
"West-East Hydrogen Transmission" is the best path to match energy and market, which can effectively solve the mismatch between energy distribution and market distribution, and help the healthy and orderly development of my country's energy industry.
According to the formation process of hydrogen energy, hydrogen energy is generally divided into gray hydrogen, blue hydrogen and green hydrogen.
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Gray hydrogen is mainly hydrogen produced through conversion reactions of fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, and carbon dioxide and other emissions will be emitted during the production process. Currently, the vast majority of hydrogen on the market is gray hydrogen, accounting for about 95% of today's global hydrogen production.
Blue hydrogen refers to the hydrogen produced by fossil energy that adopts carbon capture measures, and the carbon emission intensity is greatly reduced.
Green hydrogen refers to the hydrogen obtained by splitting water with renewable energy.
At present, there are also hydrogen resources in eastern my country, but most of these hydrogen are industrial by-products of petrochemical enterprises, and the cost is relatively high. The western region of my country is rich in scenery resources and the rapid development of renewable energy power generation. It is a unique advantage to choose to develop green hydrogen production capacity in the west.
At present, in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other places, a number of photovoltaic wind power generation green hydrogen projects are under construction.
03
What is the significance of "West Hydrogen Delivery"?
How to transport the green hydrogen from Inner Mongolia and even the west of my country to the region with strong market demand in the east has always been a bottleneck problem restricting the development of the green hydrogen industry.
At present, long-tube trailers are still the mainstream method of long-distance hydrogen transportation in my country, but this method has high cost and low efficiency, which is also one of the main reasons for the high cost of terminal hydrogen use, which greatly restricts the development of the industrial chain. It is understood that if the car is used for transportation, the cost of hydrogen transmission may eventually account for 40% to 50% of the terminal price.
The hydrogen pipeline can realize large-scale, long-distance hydrogen transmission, and take into account the economy.
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In addition, due to the intermittence, volatility, and randomness of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, there is a certain lag in power grid construction and consumption mechanisms, resulting in "abandoning wind and solar energy". Hydrogen energy storage can make up for the shortcomings of other energy storage forms, and convert a large amount of abandoned wind and light into hydrogen for energy storage. With the construction and commissioning of the "West-to-East Hydrogen Transmission" pipeline, surrounding power generation companies can use "abandoned wind and light" to generate hydrogen and transport it out through pipelines, forming an important component of source-grid-load hydrogen storage.
04
How to realize the "West-East Hydrogen Delivery"?
▲ Accelerate the construction of hydrogen pipelines and develop mixed hydrogen transportation
my country's natural gas pipeline network is well-developed. As of 2021, the total mileage of the country's main natural gas pipelines will reach 116,000 kilometers, and a gas supply pattern of "West-to-East gas transmission" and "North gas to the south" has been formed, realizing the comprehensive interconnection of "one national network".
In contrast, the construction of hydrogen pipelines in my country is still in its infancy. Up to now, the total mileage in China is only 400 kilometers, and the pipelines in use are only about 100 kilometers. The progress of pipeline construction is relatively slow.
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Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to speed up the construction of hydrogen pipelines, and on the other hand, it is also a good choice to use existing natural gas pipelines for mixed hydrogen transportation. Hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline transportation has been included in the hydrogen energy industry planning of many countries. According to relevant statistics, nearly 40 demonstration projects for the application of hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline transportation systems have been carried out around the world.
On April 16, PetroChina announced that it had made a breakthrough in the technology of long-distance transportation of hydrogen with existing natural gas pipelines.
▲ my country's long-distance hydrogen transmission technology has made a breakthrough
At the demonstration platform of Ningdong natural gas hydrogenation pipeline in Yinchuan, Ningxia, hydrogen is mixed into natural gas in a certain volume ratio, and the existing natural gas pipeline is used for transportation.
A pipeline can transport natural gas and hydrogen at the same time, killing two birds with one stone, which provides technical support for my country to realize large-scale, low-cost long-distance hydrogen energy transportation in the future.
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What are the benefits of adding hydrogen to natural gas?
▲ It can change the combustion characteristics of natural gas and increase the combustion value.
▲ Natural gas pipelines and other infrastructure can be used to open up more possibilities for the current hydrogen transportation and the extensive and large-scale application of hydrogen energy.
▲ Can greatly reduce carbon dioxide emissions. For example, according to experiments in some cities such as Delhi, India, in buses, hydrogen-rich compressed natural gas is used as fuel, and about 18% hydrogen is mixed into natural gas, which can reduce carbon monoxide emissions by up to 70% and save 5% of fuel at the same time.
At present, the proportion of hydrogen in this natural gas pipeline has gradually reached 24%, which means that for every 100 cubic meters of hydrogen-doped natural gas transported, 24 cubic meters of hydrogen are included.
After more than 130 days of test operation, the overall operation of this 397-kilometer natural gas pipeline is safe and stable.
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It is understood that by the end of 2022, the total mileage of my country's oil and gas pipelines will reach 185,000 kilometers. Based on the current consumption of natural gas in my country, when the hydrogen doping ratio reaches 20%, more than 10 million tons of hydrogen can be transported, which is equivalent to more than 560 billion kWh of green electricity, and the cost of hydrogen will also be greatly reduced.
05
What is the industrial potential of "West-to-East Hydrogen Delivery"?
Hydrogen energy is recognized as an important solution to achieve carbon emission reduction in difficult-to-decarbonize fields such as heavy industry and heavy transportation, and hydrogen is relatively easy to store, which can well adapt to the peak-shaving demand of power systems under the scenario of high proportion of renewable energy in the future . In the process of building a new energy system in my country, hydrogen energy will play an important role. In recent years, my country has focused on the layout of the hydrogen energy industry, and the development potential of the hydrogen energy industry is gradually being released.
▲The development potential of the hydrogen energy industry is being accelerated and the development potential is gradually being released
Since 2019, my country's hydrogen industry has entered the fast lane of development. On March 23, 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued the "Mid- and Long-Term Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry Development (2021-2035)", proposing to establish a "1+N" policy system, clarify the strategic positioning of hydrogen energy, and deploy industries development priorities.
By the end of 2022, local governments in my country have issued more than 300 hydrogen energy policies, with various types of policies, supporting the expansion of hydrogen energy transportation applications to cross-industry coupling application scenarios. At the same time, companies are also actively taking action. At present, central enterprises are accelerating the layout of the hydrogen industry chain, covering various important energy fields such as coal, electric power, and nuclear energy.
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The "Blue Book on Analysis and Prospect of China's Oil and Gas Industry" shows that by 2022, the number of hydrogen refueling stations deployed globally will reach 814, and a total of 274 hydrogen refueling stations will be built and put into operation in China, a year-on-year increase of 25.7%, ranking first in the world and accounting for the world's largest 33.7%.
06
"Flying" into the homes of ordinary people?
To promote the development of hydrogen energy, it is necessary to solve the problems of hydrogen production, storage and transportation, and hydrogen use. Among them, economy is one of the most critical indicators. Therefore, in recent years, the entire hydrogen industry chain has focused on reducing costs, starting from the preparation of hydrogen, and constantly exploring the best route.
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Sinopec anchors the goal of building "China's No. 1 hydrogen energy company", actively deploys the development of the hydrogen industry chain, and vigorously promotes green hydrogen technology research.
In the hydrogen production process, Sinopec achieved a breakthrough in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis water hydrogen production technology, and the first self-developed megawatt-level PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production device was put into operation in Yanshan Petrochemical. At the same time, Sinopec uses the green hydrogen demonstration project to promote the large-scale application of technology, thereby reducing costs. In February of this year, the world's largest green hydrogen-coupled coal chemical project, the Green Hydrogen Demonstration Project in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, was officially launched. In addition, the main body of the hydrogen plant of the Sinopec Xinjiang Kuqa 20,000-ton/year green hydrogen demonstration project has also been completed.
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▲The start-up site of the Green Hydrogen Demonstration Project in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia
In terms of storage and transportation, Sinopec has explored a lower-cost methanol station hydrogenation hydrogen production project, which has reduced the overall cost by more than 20%. The first domestic project has been completed and put into operation in Dalian.
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▲my country's first methanol hydrogenation and hydrogenation integrated station
In terms of hydrogen use, Sinopec has built nine hydrogen fuel cell hydrogen supply centers in Yanshan Petrochemical, Tianjin Petrochemical, Qilu Petrochemical, Qingdao Petrochemical, Gaoqiao Petrochemical, Shanghai Petrochemical, Guangzhou Petrochemical, Hainan Petrochemical and Maoming Petrochemical. It meets the local demand for continuous hydrogen consumption.
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Sinopec also plans to build a large-scale green electricity to green hydrogen project in Ulanqab City. By establishing an integrated hydrogen industry development model of wind power generation-green electricity hydrogen production-hydrogen pipeline transportation-refining and transportation hydrogen, the realization of hydrogen Demonstration layout of the whole industrial chain of energy industry system, storage, transmission and utilization.
In the future, with the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, the demand for large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen will increase significantly, and pipelines and pipeline networks will become an important way of economically and efficiently transporting hydrogen in a certain area. Therefore, based on the development requirements of the hydrogen energy industry, comprehensively coordinating and scientifically promoting the construction of hydrogen transmission pipelines and hydrogen transmission micro-pipelines plays an important role in the comprehensive and coordinated development of my country's hydrogen industry chain.
