Why do you and your quality team work so hard, day and night, but customer complaints keep happening? Because your factory only has QC and no QA, or there is QA but its real function is not perfect or effective.
QC: Quality Control, quality control, product quality inspection, analysis, improvement and non-conforming product control related personnel after the discovery of quality problems.
Generally include:
DQC (Design Quality Control) design quality control;
IQC (Incoming Quality Control: incoming quality control);
IPQC (In-Process Quality Control: process quality control);
FQC (Final Quality Control: finished product quality control);
OQC (Out-going Quality Control: shipment inspection).
Note: QC's C quality engineer's home editor always thinks it is Control (control), not Check (check). Because one of the many things that Control can do is check, that is to say control includes check. This is also one of the reasons why some companies have poor product quality and high quality costs: because they position QC as Quality Check (Quality Check), they only focus on product inspection and ignore process management that affects product quality.
QA: Quality Assurance, quality assurance, through the establishment, maintenance and improvement of quality management system to ensure that there is no problem with product quality.
Generally include:
QSE (QualitySystem Engineer: System Engineer),
6 sigma engineer
DQA (Design Quality Assurance) design quality assurance
Calibration and management of measuring instruments.
JQE (Joint Quality Engineer: client quality engineer), that is, the quality engineer hired by the supplier to work for the customer, is the eyes and ears of the customer's SQE.
By definition, QA focuses on planning, establishing, maintaining and improving the entire quality management system. QC is mainly product quality inspection, and also includes product-related control of people, machines, objects, laws, and the environment. QA must not only know where the problems are, but also how to formulate solutions to these problems, and how to prevent them in the future. QC must know how to control only problems, but not necessarily why they should be controlled in this way.
To make an inappropriate analogy, the QC is the police, and the QA is the judge. The QC only needs to arrest the violators of the law. It cannot prevent other people from committing crimes and ultimately convict others. The judge is to formulate laws to prevent crimes and pronounce sentences according to the laws. Disposal results.
What QC focuses on is the product, not the system (system). This is the main difference between it and QA. The purpose is the same as that of QA, both of which are "to meet or exceed customer requirements."
Summarize
QC: mainly post-event quality inspection activities, the default error is allowed, and it is expected to find and select errors. QA is mainly a quality assurance activity in advance, focusing on prevention, and expecting to reduce the probability of errors.
QA must not only know where the problems are, but also how to formulate solutions to these problems and how to prevent them in the future.
QC needs to know how to control the problem, but not necessarily why it should be controlled in this way.
QC is the operating technology and activities adopted to make the product meet the quality requirements. It includes inspection, correction and feedback. For example, QC conducts inspection and finds defective products and rejects them, and then feeds back the bad information to relevant departments to take improvement measures. Therefore, the control scope of QC is mainly within the factory. Its purpose is to prevent unqualified products from being input, transferred, and shipped, so as to ensure that products meet quality requirements and only qualified products can be delivered to customers.
QA is to provide trust to meet customer requirements, even if the customer is sure that the products you provide can meet his requirements, so it needs to start from market research and then review customer requirements, product development, order receiving and material procurement, incoming inspection, production process Evidence is left at each stage of control, shipment, and after-sales service to prove that every step of the factory is carried out according to customer requirements.
The purpose of QA is not to ensure product quality, which is the task of QC. QA is mainly to provide confidence, so it is necessary to manage the whole process from understanding customer requirements to after-sales service, which requires enterprises to establish a quality management system, formulate corresponding documents to standardize the activities of each process, and leave evidence of the implementation of activities to provide trust.
This kind of trust can be divided into two types: external, which means that customers can rest assured that the factory produces and delivers products according to their requirements; internal, it can make the factory owner feel at ease, because the boss is the first person responsible for product quality, and if there is a quality accident in the product He has to take full responsibility, which is also the main requirement for countries to formulate product quality laws to encourage enterprises to really pay attention to quality. Therefore, in order to avoid taking quality responsibility, the boss must standardize various activities with documents and leave evidence. However, it is impossible for the boss to know whether the internal personnel of the factory are operating according to the requirements of the process documents of the quality management system. This requires QA to conduct audits on his behalf to understand whether the requirements of the process documents are complied with, so as to convince the boss that the activities of the factory are correct. It was carried out according to the regulations of the document, which made him feel at ease.
Therefore, the main difference between QC and QA is: the former is to ensure that product quality meets the regulations, and the latter is to plan and establish a quality management system and ensure that the quality management system operates as required to provide internal and external trust.
At the same time, QC and QA have the same point: that is, both QC and QA must be verified. For example, QC inspects products according to standards to verify whether the products meet the specified requirements, and QSE conducts internal audits of the quality management system to verify whether the operation of the quality management system meets the requirements of the standards. Another example is that QA conducts product audit and QPA audit, which is to verify whether the product has carried out various activities according to the regulations and whether it can meet the specified requirements, so as to ensure that the products delivered by the factory are qualified and comply with relevant regulations.
QC is the operating technology and activities adopted to make the product meet the quality requirements. It includes inspection, correction and feedback. For example, QC conducts inspection and finds defective products and rejects them, and then feeds back the bad information to relevant departments to take improvement measures. Therefore, the control scope of QC is mainly within the factory. Its purpose is to prevent unqualified products from being input, transferred, and shipped, so as to ensure that products meet quality requirements and only qualified products can be delivered to customers.
QA is to provide trust to meet customer requirements, even if the customer is sure that the products you provide can meet his requirements, so it needs to start from market research and then review customer requirements, product development, order receiving and material procurement, incoming inspection, production process Evidence is left at each stage of control, shipment, and after-sales service to prove that every step of the factory is carried out according to customer requirements.
The purpose of QA is not to ensure product quality, which is the task of QC. QA is mainly to provide reliable products, so it is necessary to manage the whole process from understanding customer requirements to after-sales service, which requires enterprises to establish a quality management system, formulate corresponding processes to standardize the activities of each process, and leave evidence of the implementation of activities , in order to provide trust.
This trust can be divided into two types: internal and external:
External even if the customer is assured that the factory is producing and delivering the product according to its requirements;
The internal purpose is to reassure the factory owner, because the boss is the first person responsible for product quality, and the boss should take full responsibility for product quality accidents. To assume quality responsibility, it is necessary to standardize various activities with documents and leave evidence. However, it is impossible for the boss to know whether the internal personnel of the factory operate according to the document requirements. This requires QA to conduct audits on his behalf to know whether the document requirements are complied with, so as to convince the boss that all activities in the factory are carried out according to the document regulations. reassure him.
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02 .
The relationship between QA and QC
QC is the most basic link of quality control management, including all inspection work. While QA includes QC, its core is still in quality control. However, it goes beyond detection and includes related work like training, process management and auditing. Quality management is a broader scope, which includes not only QA and QC, but also the thinking and management of quality system.
Why QA and QC are needed
When manufacturers sell products, they often claim how and how good the quality is, so it is their responsibility to ensure that the quality of the product is really as good as he says. Therefore, QC is needed to test the quality of products in each production link.
However, only QC inspection is far from enough, someone must control all the links related to the production of the product from an overall perspective. These links include the quality of raw and auxiliary materials, the quality of factory operation, the quality of equipment and equipment, the quality of production and inspection, etc. If any link is missing, the quality of the product cannot be guaranteed.
Therefore, the establishment of QA and QC is to satisfy customers and play a "win-win" role for enterprises and consumers. stamp
